Anyone here ever play bluegrass on a ukulele? What techniques have you found most useful?
I know that ukulele is not the "canonical instrument" of pure bluegrass genre. Still there are ways of emulating the sound of three canonical plucked bluegrass instruments - guitar (G-run, Carter style melody-chord picking), mandolin (back-beat chops, fast melodies), 5-string banjo (three-finger syncopated rolls).
Here is set of my tools / techniques:
1) Use low G ukulele.
You will match the low range of mandolin. You may treat the ukulele as "small guitar" and mimic the typical guitar licks (G-runs).
2) Use tenor ukulele.
You will get more volume than from concert sized instrument. There is enough space on the neck even if you use the capo.
3) Use the capo.
I play in five major keys C, D, F, G, A. For the rest I use the capo. (These keys are the same as CAGED on guitar, just moved up a perfect fourth).
4) Use the thumbpick and fingerpicks.
For mimicking the rhythm guitar sound of Lester Flatt, the thumppick and index fingerpick is needed.
For mimicking the Scruggs style banjo roll, of course the thumbpick and two fingerpicks on index and middle fingers are needed.
(Additionally I use the reversed fingerpick on my fingernail for triplet strum, which is not the bluegrass technique.)
5) Mimic the boom-chick rhythm guitar sound.
There are YouTube videos of Chris Sharp showing the right hand technique of Lester Flatt.
Old-time rhythm guitar (YouTube channel Rural guitar) is also great source.
6) Learn some guitar licks (G run).
Learn to connect chords with walking "bass"
7) Play the melody on thicker strings as in the Carter style.
8) For the banjo sound use the thumb-lead rolls
The low G ukulele has the linear tuning, so your thumb does not bother with high string - this is a job for your middle finger.
Adapt the banjo licks to linear tuning.
9) For the mandolin chops use thumbpick downstrokes and muting
Mute chords with open strings by spare left hand finger (usually little finger). Also by release of pressure of left hand fingers. Or by right hand that dampens the strings immediately after the strum.
10) For the up-to-speed solos practice two-finger (thumb + index) down-up picking on single string.
Attached is the file from my workshop that shows the possibilities of four fingerpicks on low G ukulele.