It's worth noting that pretty much all the builders here use a variety of glues for different applications.
That said, if you want to use only one type of glue the two which work for almost everything are HHG and Titebond Original. But each has advantages and disadvantages, depending on what you are doing. No glue is "the best", even if there are some who seem to think that the more "modern" the glue, the "better" it must be (for everything!). I clicked JerryC41's link to "HG" glue (some kind of CA I think) and was amused to read that it's perfect for almost everything (97% of uses, I wonder how they got that number).
Just as an example, I recently re-attached the top braces to an 1897 flat top mandolin. I was working through the sound hole, which is *much* smaller than a uke sound hole. I chose HHG glue for this because:
1. The braces would originally have been glued with HHG, so I wouldn't need to remove absolutely all traces of the old glue from the underside of the top.
2. I could position the braces by hand and allow the glue to gel enough to hold them in place (60 seconds or so). Then I could apply clamps, gently heat the top to reactivate the glue, and tighten the clamps - job done!
Any other glue would have been much harder to use here.
OTOH, I've given up trying to glue plastic bindings with HHG, CA seems to work best for me. But NOT necessarily for other people - I don't get on with DUCO for example, but others swear by it.
For any application there is usually a choice of possible glues, and only experimentation will tell you which of those choices works best for you.